What distinguishes analog sensors from digital sensors?

Analog sensors are characterized by their ability to provide a continuous variable output. This means they can measure and convey a range of values, allowing for the representation of changes in the measured quantity in a smooth, ongoing manner. For example, an analog temperature sensor might output a voltage that varies continuously from 0 to 10 volts, corresponding to a temperature range from 0 to 100 degrees Celsius.

In contrast, digital sensors operate with discrete signal states. They convert the measured physical quantity into digital signals, which represent specific values or categories rather than a range. For instance, a digital temperature sensor might output a binary signal that indicates whether the measured temperature is above or below a certain threshold.

This fundamental distinction in output is critical for understanding the applicability of different sensor types in various scenarios, as certain applications may require the precision of continuous measurement offered by analog sensors or the clear, defined states provided by digital sensors.