What type of failure occurs when both R1 and R2 are shorted in an electrical circuit?

When both R1 and R2 are shorted in an electrical circuit, the situation is classified as a short circuit failure. This type of failure occurs when there is an unintended path for current to flow, typically resulting in a bypass of normal load resistance that would otherwise limit the current. The shorting of resistors creates a scenario where the electrical current can increase dramatically, often leading to excessive heat and potential damage to circuit components.

In the context of a short circuit failure, the flow of current becomes significantly higher than designed, which can trigger circuit protection mechanisms or could cause components to fail if not adequately protected. Short circuit failures are critical to identify and address quickly, as they can lead to safety hazards, including fires or equipment damage.

Understanding this type of failure helps in the design and troubleshooting of electrical circuits, ensuring that appropriate safeguards are in place to prevent overcurrent conditions that result from short circuits.